Editing Institute of the Pennsylvania Hospital
From Asylum Projects
Warning: You are not logged in. Your IP address will be publicly visible if you make any edits. If you log in or create an account, your edits will be attributed to your username, along with other benefits.
The edit can be undone.
Please check the comparison below to verify that this is what you want to do, and then save the changes below to finish undoing the edit.
Latest revision | Your text | ||
Line 135: | Line 135: | ||
The original organization of [[Alienist]] physicians within Pennsylvania Hospital was severely limited. Dr. Kirkbride had laid the foundation of this level of medical hierarchy, which would be maintained to some degree until 1915. This hierarchy places the superintendent as charge and master of all medico-psychiatric issues taking place within the hospital, and an assistant physician to aid to either the male or female departments. Since this was a considerable prestigious post for many psychiatrists it became a starting point for many early careers within the field. However, shifting conceptions of psychiatric care changed in the early 20th century, largely due to legislation lobbied for by Pennsylvania's Committee on Lunacy. Additionally, the 'Food and Drug Act' of 1914 drastically altered the landscape of psychotropics within American Psychiatry. As a result, the Board of Managers of Pennsylvania Hospital, under the guidance of Dr. [[Owen Copp]], reorganized the structure of inpatient treatment and effectively tripled the number of physicians employed to treat the insane. Attending Physicians were also allotted significantly smaller caseloads of patients, from rough 250 per doctor in 1880, to 62 in 1915. This measure also stood in stark contrast to the public mental health facilities of the period, which were notorious for being chronically understaffed. | The original organization of [[Alienist]] physicians within Pennsylvania Hospital was severely limited. Dr. Kirkbride had laid the foundation of this level of medical hierarchy, which would be maintained to some degree until 1915. This hierarchy places the superintendent as charge and master of all medico-psychiatric issues taking place within the hospital, and an assistant physician to aid to either the male or female departments. Since this was a considerable prestigious post for many psychiatrists it became a starting point for many early careers within the field. However, shifting conceptions of psychiatric care changed in the early 20th century, largely due to legislation lobbied for by Pennsylvania's Committee on Lunacy. Additionally, the 'Food and Drug Act' of 1914 drastically altered the landscape of psychotropics within American Psychiatry. As a result, the Board of Managers of Pennsylvania Hospital, under the guidance of Dr. [[Owen Copp]], reorganized the structure of inpatient treatment and effectively tripled the number of physicians employed to treat the insane. Attending Physicians were also allotted significantly smaller caseloads of patients, from rough 250 per doctor in 1880, to 62 in 1915. This measure also stood in stark contrast to the public mental health facilities of the period, which were notorious for being chronically understaffed. | ||
− | *1) '''[[Thomas Story Kirkbride]]''' - Hospital Superintendent, 1840-1883; President of the [[American Psychiatric Association]] 1862-1870. He | + | *1) '''[[Thomas Story Kirkbride]]''' - Hospital Superintendent, 1840-1883; President of the [[American Psychiatric Association]] 1862-1870. He remained at the hospital for the duration of his careering, dying in the superintendent's house. |
*2) '''[[Edward Hartshorne]]''' - Assistant Physician, 1841-1894. His remained with Pennsylvania Hospital for the duration of his career. His son, Edward V. Hartshorne, would become Treasurer of the Department of Nervous and Mental Diseases after the death of his father. They maintained the same office at 409 Chestnut Street, near [[Pennsylvania Hospital]]'s original campus. | *2) '''[[Edward Hartshorne]]''' - Assistant Physician, 1841-1894. His remained with Pennsylvania Hospital for the duration of his career. His son, Edward V. Hartshorne, would become Treasurer of the Department of Nervous and Mental Diseases after the death of his father. They maintained the same office at 409 Chestnut Street, near [[Pennsylvania Hospital]]'s original campus. | ||
*3) '''Francis Smith''' - Assistant Physician, 1841 | *3) '''Francis Smith''' - Assistant Physician, 1841 | ||
Line 172: | Line 172: | ||
*36) '''Charles H. Sprague''' - Assistant Physician, 1914 | *36) '''Charles H. Sprague''' - Assistant Physician, 1914 | ||
*37) '''[[Samuel T. Orton]]''' - Clinical Director and Pathologist, 1915-1919; left to become Director of the [[Iowa State Psychopathic Hospital]]. | *37) '''[[Samuel T. Orton]]''' - Clinical Director and Pathologist, 1915-1919; left to become Director of the [[Iowa State Psychopathic Hospital]]. | ||
− | *38) '''Daniel H. Fuller''' - Assistant Physician, Department for Men, 1915-?; Medical Director for the Department for Males | + | *38) '''Daniel H. Fuller''' - Assistant Physician, Department for Men, 1915-?; Medical Director for the Department for Males; later sat on the Pennsylvania Committee of Lunacy. Superintendent of [[Adams-Nervine Asylum]]. |
− | *39) '''Horace J. Williams''' - Assistant Physician, Department for Men, 1915-?; later employed | + | *39) '''Horace J. Williams''' - Assistant Physician, Department for Men, 1915-?; later employed by Germantown Hospital |
*40) '''George T. Faris''' - Assistant Physician, Department for Men, 1915-1919; ran a private practice in Glenside, PA until his death in 1966. | *40) '''George T. Faris''' - Assistant Physician, Department for Men, 1915-1919; ran a private practice in Glenside, PA until his death in 1966. | ||
*41) '''[[Earl Bond]]''' - Assistant Physician, Department for Women, 1915-?; Medical Director for the Department for Women ?-1922; Psychiatrist-in-Chief, 1922-1935; President of the [[American Psychiatric Association]] 1930-1931 | *41) '''[[Earl Bond]]''' - Assistant Physician, Department for Women, 1915-?; Medical Director for the Department for Women ?-1922; Psychiatrist-in-Chief, 1922-1935; President of the [[American Psychiatric Association]] 1930-1931 | ||
− | *42) '''Alice H. Cook''' - Assistant Physician, Department for Women, 1915-?, left the field entirely in 1919 to specialize in "diseases of the throat" | + | *42) '''Alice H. Cook''' - Assistant Physician, Department for Women, 1915-?, left the field entirely in 1919 to specialize in "diseases of the throat" |
*43) '''Uriah F. McCurdy''' - Assistant Physician, Department for Women, 1915-? | *43) '''Uriah F. McCurdy''' - Assistant Physician, Department for Women, 1915-? | ||
*44) '''[[Edward Strecker]]''' - Assistant Physician, Department for Women, 1915-1959, Chief Medical Officer 1920-1928; President of the [[American Psychiatric Association]] 1943-1944. | *44) '''[[Edward Strecker]]''' - Assistant Physician, Department for Women, 1915-1959, Chief Medical Officer 1920-1928; President of the [[American Psychiatric Association]] 1943-1944. | ||
− | *45) '''Annie E. Taft''' - Assistant Physician, Department for Women, 1918-1920 | + | *45) '''Annie E. Taft''' - Assistant Physician, Department for Women, 1918-1920 |
− | *45) '''Harry S. | + | *45) '''Harry S. Newcomber''' - Scientific Director of Laboratories, 1922? |
− | *46) '''Elmer V. Eyman''' - Assistant Physician, Department for Men | + | *46) '''Elmer V. Eyman''' - Assistant Physician, Department for Men, |
*47) '''James M. Robbins''' - Assistant Physician, Department for Men, | *47) '''James M. Robbins''' - Assistant Physician, Department for Men, | ||
− | *48) '''Norman M. MacNeill''' - Assistant Physician, Department for Women, | + | *48) '''Norman M. MacNeill''' - Assistant Physician, Department for Women, |
− | *49) '''Clara L. McCord''' - Assistant Physician, Department for Women, 1920-?; previously of [[Norristown State Hospital]] 1919-1920 | + | *49) '''Clara L. McCord''' - Assistant Physician, Department for Women, 1920-?; previously of [[Norristown State Hospital]] 1919-1920 |
− | *50) '''Baldwin L. Keyes''' - Assistant Physician, Department for Women, | + | *50) '''Baldwin L. Keyes''' - Assistant Physician, Department for Women, |
=== Innovation and Expansion: 1912 to 1958 === | === Innovation and Expansion: 1912 to 1958 === |